Should companies disclose to the people if they make digital Essay

Should companies disclose to the people if they make digital correction on advertisement - Essay Example I am sure this will be a good omen for the companies because they can easily come out in the open and make their point clear which indeed is significant towards their understanding domains. If the company makes a concerted effort, the digital correction on advertisements would mean that they have a better word of mouth overall and that the varied publics will speak highly of the company (Kadir 2013). It will also implicate for the company being truthful about its dealings and a sense of openness is easily visible across the board. Another reason why disclosure is all the more crucial for the sake of the companies is because digital correction on advertisements reveals their intent to come out in the open and that too without much difficulty. This is the reason why companies tend to be ethical more than anything else. This will be the basis of finding out how anomalies exist and how such nuances can be resolved in an amicable way (Westrup 2009). The disclosure does not mean that the company is looking to cover up its mistakes of the past yet there is an element of honesty attached with the disclosure which is all the more significant and reassuring from the companys perspective. Ladies and gentlemen, I am convinced that coming out clean is a better policy than making one mistake after the other. The digital corrections on advertisements stand as a honest policy which will win many favors by the people at the helm of affairs within the company levels. It leaves no stone unturned and addresses the problems which are faced by the organizations in their day to day work bases (Gleason 1998). This is the reason why companies should always think to bring about sanity within their prevalent ranks and hence fully disclose any digital corrections that may take place over the advertisements that they are producing and/or relaying to the general public (Rosi 2010). I would like to end my speech with the belief that the digital corrections on

Strategic HRM Plan Essay Example for Free

Strategic HRM Plan Essay â€Å"Starbucks is the premier roaster and retailer of specialty coffee in the world and has become a truly global brand† (Starbucks Coffee Company, 2011, p. 3). The strategic Human Recourses Management (HRM) plan will cover cultural HR issues, emerging HR issues, and a chart showing a five-year plan. Cultural training, cafà © culture, and culture of service are the three cultural HR issues that will be covered. Cultural training will cover the need for training with diversity for different markets. Cafà © culture is about the â€Å"values and respect diversity and inclusion† of Starbucks. This area is an issue in other countries while in the United States is doing well. The issue of culture of service deals with providing service to customers, but also to employees by way means of benefits. The emerging HR issues that will be covered are employee tuition assistance, evening sales to include alcohol, and customer complaints. Recently Starbucks has provided a new tuition assistance program; this program will be reviewed because of the age of the program it falls under emerging HR issues. The issue with Starbucks going to evening sales to include alcohol requires special licensing and age requirements for employees selling. The final emerging issue is with customer complaints; HR should find a way to review and take action against complaints. The chart will provide a description of the values, mission, and vision of the company and what they mean for the next five years. The table will also tie into how the emerging issues should be handled in the five years. Addressing the cultural and emerging issues will help Starbucks advance as a company and produce outstanding employees that will exceed the expectations of the company. â€Å"Standards will help ensure that our values continue to be reflected in each Starbucks store and business activity. A commitment to integrity, acting honestly and ethically, and complying with the letter and intent of the law are critical to our continued success† (Starbucks Coffee Company, 2011, p. 3). Strategic HRM Plan Cultural Issues Starbucks continues to grow and expand globally. As the company is doing so, it also sees some cultural human resource (HR) issues arise. These cultural HR issues include cultural training, cafà © culture, and culture of service. It is natural for a company to see and experience such issues when expanding into different regions. The human resources department will examine how these issues and cultural considerations affect the division and the strategic plans. As Starbucks grows and expands into new regions, the company is learning that to be successful in other culture they must provide cultural training. This cultural training is part of the company’s strategic plans. As part of the training and development program there is a cultural training for the store front employees, management, upper management, HR, and global communities. This training teaches the employees on how to interact with different cultures. It also teaches the employees of appropriate ways to interact wit h each other so that there is no discrimination. â€Å"To help make our goals become reality, we have integrated diversity and inclusion into the core of our leadership competencies. The goals of the Diversity and Inclusion team include building a diverse workforce, increasing cultural competencies, shaping a culture of inclusion and developing a diverse network of suppliers† (Starbucks, 2014). This consideration affects the company and their strategic plans because it is a continual topic of conversation as the company grows, expands, and new laws come into practice. This conversation then needs to into training and development programs for employees, as well as adding new policy changes and procedures. Starbuck’s employee cultural training also leads into their cafà © cultural training. The Cafà © culture in the United States is spot on. However, the cafà © culture in other countries is not doing so well and has led to the downturn in business. â€Å"I never go into Starbucks; it’s impersonal, the coffee is mediocre, and it’s expensive,’ Ms. Bayod, a 35-year-old masseuse, said as a waiter greeted her by name and quickly bro ught her usual espresso. ‘For us, it’s like another planet.’ Nearly a decade after venturing into Europe, Starbucks is still laboring to lure people like her. Despite engineering a strong turnaround in the United States and growing steadily in Asia, where Starbucks is still a novelty, the  company has struggled here on the Continent that gave birth to cafe and coffeehouse culture† (Alderman, 2012). Due to this issue Starbucks is now embarking on spending over a million dollars to make-over the European locations to be more up-scale and to win over the European coffee drinkers. The organization has also adjusted the blends and beverages to suit the European palate. This has forced Starbucks to realign strategically the European market to meet customer’s wants and needs. Starbucks has continued to realign the culture of its brand image in this region and continues to add new ideas, training, and beverages for the employees in this region. To maintain its high level of customer service Starbucks has started a culture of service initiative for its employees. The organization is committed to providing â€Å"legendary service† to their customers. To do so the company has gone the route of the employee-centered approach. The employee-centered approach includes providing health benefits, tuition benefits, and stock options to even their part-time employees. The guiding principle behind this move is to motivate their employees. The company feels that by motivating their employees they are creating happy, loyal, motivated employees who in turn will be the driving force to their â€Å"legendary service.† Emerging issues Emerging issues provide areas for improvement for Starbucks. Tuition assistance, selling alcohol, and customer complaints are three current emerging issues Starbucks faces. These issues will be discussed based on the issue and how it can be improved. There are around 54 percent of all companies who offer some form of educational reimbursement to their employees (Kurtgleben, 2014). Starbucks announced they would offer partial tuition of about $6,500 for their employees for the first two years of full-time online students at Arizona State University (ASU) Online. Starbucks College Achievement Plan (SCAP) will replace an older plan that was not as generous but was more flexible (Pyke, 2014). The new plan states that any Starbucks employee that works 20 hours a week or more will be able to have their tuition reimbursed beyond what federal financial aid and ASU covers for juniors and seniors (Pyke, 2014). Some critics of the SCAP say that it may not be a real improvement for the 20,000 wo rkers that the school plans to enroll. The old system required that the students take courses that were beneficial towards their jobs at Starbucks. The new system lets the  employees take any of the degrees, of which there are 40, and it does not have to relate to their jobs at Starbucks. The old system only paid $500-$1,000 per calendar year and that depended on the employees’ tenure. The employees could enroll in any accredited college, not just ACU under the old system. The employees could also attend in-person classes which some critics say are important for low-income workers to succeed in their education, (Pyke, 2014). According to Pyke, Starbuck’s plan compares unfavorably with other tuition assistance plans American companies offer. Sara Goldrich-Rab, professor of educational policy studies and sociology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, found Starbucks new system ‘incredibly problematic’ because they limit its tuition assistance to one university online (Pyke, 2014). The emerging issues for Human Resource on this tuition system would be, is it good that Starbucks only lets the employees enroll in only online degrees with only ACU? Will the new system work well with the low-income employees only being able to take the online degrees instead of in-person classes? Starbucks should go through with their plans of having other universities available for their employees to enroll in and offer in-person classes as well as online classes. Starbucks has expanded its sells to Starbucks evening. Starbucks has been testing the sale of alcohol in their stores after four PM, with a menu that includes light snacks. The benefits to Starbucks are an increase in sales when coffee sales are slow, (Dooley, 2014). However, with these sales come the issues of licensing requirements that are different in every state, possible customer resistance because it is not a family-friendly product, new staff training requirements, and the last, product contagion. There are some people that think that products can transfer their characteristics to each other if they are placed side by side, (Dooley, 2014). So in their way of thinking if Starbucks sells alcohol and it sits next to a non-alcohol product it will be tainted with alcohol. To help keep the contagion issue down Starbucks can separate the alcohol from the non-alcohol products and put the alcohol products into their own coolers, in different parts of the room. There is a page on the Consumer Affairs website where people can go to complain about companies and so forth. There are numerous complaints about Starbucks employees. According to Consumer Affairs Starbucks does not monitor their website so that the issues can be resolved. Human Resources should monitor  these complaints and try to resolve them in some way. In the future if nothing is done someone will bring suit and it might be costly for Starbucks. Human Resource Management should make sure that these employees treat customer s the way they should be treated by retraining and if the bad treatment continues disciplinary actions should be taken. Five year plan chart Starbucks has become well-known ever since the company’s establishment in 1971. Because of Starbucks’ many years of success, the company has now grown throughout the world. For the next five years, Starbucks will develop a strategic plan from the completion of the HRM analysis. Reward programs, training, and job design are the HRM involvements that will assist Starbucks to overcome the issues found from the analysis in order to meet the strategic objectives. The first year of the strategic plan will include the placement of processes along with forming two committees. One committee will take care of the three cultural HR issues the other committee will handle the three emerging HR issues. Years two through five will include continuous monitoring and fact finding through internal and external surveying. Each committee will observe these surveys to where adjustment can be made in a timely matter. The recommendation will be that each committee will meet weekly in the first year of the plan, which could later change to monthly and then quarterly. During this time, any modifications within the process will take place based on the information gathering. The chart below offers the five-year strategic plan, which the company believes needs to be taken in consideration in order to obtain internal and external growth, employee fulfillment, and in meeting up to customer expectations. Starbucks Coffee 2014 – 2019 Strategic Plan Values â€Å"Starbucks reputation for the finest coffee in the world, legendary customer service and the highest integrity is the direct result of our collective efforts† (Starbucks Coffee Company, 2011, p. 3). Mission â€Å"To inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time† (Starbucks Coffee Company, 2011, p. 3). Vision Continue in being â€Å"the premier roaster and retailer of specialty coffee† (Starbucks Coffee Company, 2011, p. 4). Cultural/ Emerging Issues Internal/ External Analysis Review Findings Strategic Formulation Strategy Implementation Review and Adjust Cultural Training Cafà © Culture Culture of Service Education Reimbursement Sale of Alcohol Employee Complains Two separate committees will divide into teams. A SWOT analysis will be conducted based on customers, competitors, and industry analysis. The external analysis will examine Starbucks opportunities and threats. The internal will look at the strengths and weaknesses. The two committees, department heads, and stakeholders are involved within a group. Reviewing cultural and emerging issues. Reviewing and adjusting the internal and external findings from the SWOT analysis to then create a strategic formulation. The two teams will define strategies from the findings from the SWOT. Starbucks can create a plan for all issues at all levels within the company creating an outline of what should be done. A description of the steps or processes per issue will provide in accomplishing each objective. Over-all communication and monitoring are important in achieving goals. A timeline will offer when the action plan is to be accomplished. Necessary changes will be made swiftly for the company, employees, and customers. The team will ensure that continuous monitoring within the agreed strategic objectives and aim to start on a monthly basis. Ensuring consistency with Starbucks values, mission, and vision. References Alderman, Liz, 2012, In Europe Starbucks Adjusts Cafà © Culture, Retrieved from: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/31/business/starbucks-tailors-its-experience-to-fit-to-european-tastes.html?pagewanted=all_r=0 Consumer Affairs. Retrieved from: www.consumeraffairs.com/food/starbucks.html Dooley, Roger, 2014. Will Starbucks Alcohol ‘Infect’ Other Products. Retrieved from: www.forbes.com/sites/rogerdooley/2014/04/09/starbucks-alcohol/ http://www.cerdian.com/resources/blogs/human-resources-legislation-blog/starbucks-cap-reinventing-education-assistance.html Pyke, Alan, 2014. Thinkprogress. Critics warn Starbucks Employees To Read Fine Print of New

The Welfare State and Moral Irresponsibility :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

The Welfare State and Moral Irresponsibility    President Bush has declared the fourth week of April to be National Volunteer Week. This is a follow-up to his call for all Americans to do two years of community service during their lifetimes, and his creation of the new federal USA Freedom program to pay volunteers and to encourage service. But should we all really rush out to man the ladles at the nearest soup kitchen? Is such service really good for America?    Let's start by clarifying some moral confusion. The measure of our moral worth is not how much we give to others but rather to what extent we hold our own lives as our highest value and take the responsibility for our lives. That standard requires us to set goals that will contribute most to our survival and well being, and to create the means to attain those goals. It requires honesty, integrity, self-discipline, and fortitude in the face of self-destructive indulgences that distract us from our long-term happiness.    If more people lived by this standard, there would be little need for volunteers to help others. Each of us would earn our own way, support our own families, take pleasure from our own friends, and take care of our own needs. We owe our fellow citizens respect for their rights and freedom. We do not owe them a living.    Of course, there are good self-interested reasons for helping others in such a society. In the case of the September 11th terrorist attacks that murdered 3000 innocent people, we as individuals took it upon ourselves to make right an injustice, generously contributing a billion dollars to help the victims with whom we rightly sympathized. It's also in our self-interest to live in a society with other independent, productive, and creative citizens, so we can exchange material goods and ideas with one another, share challenges and experiences, rejoice in the achievement of others, and have our own achievements recognized. To that end we as individuals might help a poor but worthy student pay for college, or we might help others who suffer through unforeseen emergencies or circumstances, such as a serious illness. We might even help those who suffer through some fault of their own, for example, through the use of drugs or other irresponsible choices, if we judge that those individuals a re trying to mend their ways.

Theft has Learned the Internet Essay -- Technology, Identity Theft

Identity theft is a major problem in the United States and is growing ever year. In 2003, identity theft cost business and consumers close to $53 billion and identities stolen from around 10 million Americans (Dinev 77). Identity theft is where someone can pretend to be someone else, and to make financial charges under the victim’s name, leaving all the troubles of fixing the victim’s financial troubles to the victim while the theft continues to steal until they either are caught or move on to another victim (Vacca 4). In 1998, identity theft became illegal even though this issue has been around for ages (Hoffman and McGinley 1). The traditional way of identity theft is â€Å"pinched wallet or pilfered mail† also is known as â€Å"dumpster diving† (Yount 71).Also, the Internet plays a big role in identity theft. In the Internet, a thief can hide from detection while stealing peoples’ identities from their homes, being able to steal peoples’ i nformation one by one â€Å"then disappearing into another identity,† (Vacca 60). Internet users must know about the risk of online identity theft, so that they can protect themselves from this threat. Most criminals are smart and clever; they are finding new ways to steal peoples’ personal information every day. For example, phishing is when someone receives an email saying that there is a problem that needs to be fix immediately; included was a hyperlink to the site, but the site the person is direct to is a brilliantly created fake that looks just like the original but instead steals the information that person provided (Sheetz 93). People blame themselves all the time if their identities are stolen because they think they were too careless with their information. However, phishing is hard not to fall... ...by itself, and online identity theft is like a very think branch off of identity theft. Since online identity theft has different ways of becoming a victim and protecting from being a victim. Criminals are constantly using the Internet to their advantage, so that they can make their lives better at the cost of others. There are many people who are hurt by identity theft who are not able to turn their lives around. Even though the Internet is growing every day, so do the different ways people can lose their identities. Ergo, the task of protecting people from online identity theft is also changing. This issue seems like one that will never go away, so people must fight back in order to protect themselves from this criminal act. The question remains: have you done any of these tasks to protect yourself and if not then how do you know if you still have your identity?

Advertisement, Good or Not Essay

Advertisement is news or a message that is made for persuade or influenced people to be interested in the product or service that a company offers. It means that every ad must be persuasive. There are many kinds of ads; based on its nature of advertisement, it is divide into Commerce ads and Non-commerce ads. Commerce ads made for influencing people in order to have, buy and use the product that has been advertised. On the other hand non-commerce ads made to get people’s attention so they will be sympathetic or give a support to the ads. In the daily life people often see an advertisement; in television, in news paper, in internet, in radio and at the road, posted on billboard. The advertisement will influence people’s behavior and physicology, because people’s culture and life style are based on what they have seen and feel then they will implement it in their daily life. In this case, modern people’s life will be influenced by the information that they get in their daily life. By watching and hearing an advertisement, people will get two sides of effect, they are disavantages and advantages. The effect that people get is based on how people respond to the advertisement, and if people dont want to get the disadvantageous side of advertisement, they have to know how to respond to it. The main function of the ads is to promote a product in order to look more interesting and able to get consumer’s attention. There are many ways that company do to get the consumer’s attention through an ads, like in a humorous , strange , controversial way, etc. However many ads do not only want to promote their products but also want to give some moral message to people so that it can useful to people’s life. For example, cigarette advertising â€Å"Gudang Garam†. It show that a scholar who is able to be a motorist taxi only. He is constantly humiliated by the other motorcycle taxi riders because of his bachelor’s degree. His unfortunate fate changes when his only one motorcycyle is stolen. He feels regretful and curses his bad luck. But, because that accident, he has an idea to make an alarm for motorcycle and after that he become a succesful entrepreneur. The moral message that we get is â€Å"Never give up on situation, make a mockery as our motivation, and believe that there must be a good lesson in every difficulty. Another function of ads is to educate people. How could an ads educate people? That’s because every has a story that could be a lesson to people in their life. For example, Tea advertising â€Å"sariwangi †. It tells story about the wife who wants to ask her husband to repair their roof, but she doesn’t want to disturb her husband. Finally she asks her husband softly and she also gives her husband a cup of warm tea in order to warm up the situation. The message conveyed in this ad is â€Å"a wife should know her husband the condition before asking something so that their family will always be harmonious. From both ads, we can see that there are no factors that could ruin children’s moral or the factor that could influence people to do something bad. On the other hand, both ads contain a lot of factors of entertainment and education, and they also give a lot of useful moral message to people’s life. There are some ads that advertise product excessively. That ads can manipulate public taste and public minds. For example, body lotion advertisement. In that ads, the price of the product is not stated clearly. In fact it is only showing the beauty of its white model’s body that shows women will look more beautiful if they have flawless white skin after using this product. Its tagline also influences people to buy something useless and force them to think that such a product is a primary need. The woman who feel pretty with her brown skin, now they feel ugly because they don’t flawless white skin. If the women still cannot get what the color of skin that they want, they will buy the product again and again untill they feel they have the best color of skin thinking about the effect. This ads shows that a bad ads can make someone consumptive and imitate the action from the ads. An ads doesn’t have to be erased or eliminated from human live. As people who consume an ads in almost every activity, people have an obligation to choose and sort some ads which are good or not for themselves, think rationally to every sugesstion from the ads and improve the intrepretation of the ads in which every action in the ads is not always the sama as the real life. In short, any ads showed by some companies can be concluded as a bad ads or good ads based on how to responed to it. The ads can be good to someone but may not to others. Therefore, people have to respond to it wisely. People have to assume that an ads is just a media to promote a product and there is not a ‘MUST’ buy the product. People cannot only the good ads but also can refuse the bad ones.

Chop Suey essays

Chop Suey essays The world we live in today is full of surprise and mystery. Anything that exists could or does have a hidden meaning or message. Scientific studies show that some ancient scripts and symbols are not languages. Theyre actually just warning signs or messages. But today we give hidden meaning to our own type of art. Such as music, motion pictures and art itself, or anything you can put meaning to. I think the best example of allegorical meaning is through music. In this heavy metal song Chop Suey by System of a down there are several religious mocks and a little bit of backmasking. Here are the songs lyrics in blue font. i just crossed the feeling with a shakeup (i just crossed the feeling with a) why'd you leave the keys upon the table here you go creating another fable (you wanted to) grab her 'fore she put a little makeup (you wanted to) i just crossed the feeling with a shakeup (you wanted to) why'd you leave the keys upon the table (you wanted to) i don't think you trust in my self-righteous suicide i just crossed the feeling with (i just crossed the feeling with a) why'd you leave the keys upon the table (here you go) we need another fable (you wanted to) grab her 'fore she put a little makeup (you wanted to) i just crossed the feeling with a shakeup (you wanted to) why'd you leave the keys upon the table (you wanted to) i don't think you trust in my self-righteous suicide i cry when angels deserve to die in my self-righteous suicide father, into your hands i commend my spirit father, into your hands, why have you forsaken me? ...

What Makes a Credible Documentary Essay Example

What Makes a Credible Documentary Essay Example What Makes a Credible Documentary Essay What Makes a Credible Documentary Essay A documentary is successful when it is able to combine both the appearance of historically accurate elements and present believable situations through a false lens, leading the audience to question the reality of what they are seeing. The genre of documentary aims to present a convincing story through the use of credible documentary tactics to portray a fictional documentary. Every documentary depends on its viewers believing its premise. The illusion of believability is most often either confirmed or destroyed by the credits. Frequently the audience first learns the people on the screen were actors, and that they have fallen prey to the thick veil of believability that documentary films are so able to portray. To capture the audiences trust directors of documentary films apply many of the tactics and conventions documentaries serve to leave the audience questioning the reality and believability of what they view in the theatre and at home. Documentaries inspire an awareness of being that one has not previously experienced. The film urges the spectator to reevaluate not only ones breadth of knowledge but also puts forward the message that the documentary is actually made to talk about and the real truth from a person who is not involved with the message. Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt, in one fashion or another, to document reality. Although documentary film originally referred to movies shot on film stock, it has subsequently expanded to include video and digital productions that can be either direct-to-video or made for a television series. Documentary, as it applies here, works to identify a filmmaking practice, a cinematic tradition, and mode of audience reception that is continually evolving and is without clear boundaries. The nature of documentary films has changed in the past 20 years from the cinema verity tradition. Landmark films such as The Thin Blue Line by Errol Morris incorporated stylized re-enactments, and Michael Moores Roger and Me placed far more interpretive control with the director. Indeed, the commercial success of these documentaries may derive from this narrative shift in the documentary form, leading some critics to question whether such films can truly be called documentaries; critics sometimes refer to these works as mondo films or docu-ganda. However, directorial manipulation of documentary subjects has been noted since the work of Flaherty, and may be endemic to the form. The recent success of the documentary genre, and the advent of DVDs, has made documentaries financially viable even without a cinema release. Yet funding for documentary film production remains elusive and within the past decade the largest exhibition opportunities have emerged from within the broadcast market, making filmmakers beholden to the tastes and influences of the broadcasters who have become their largest funding source. Modern documentaries have some overlap with television forms, with the development of reality television that occasionally verges on the documentary but more often veers to the fictional or staged. The making-of documentary shows how a movie or a computer game was produced. Usually made for promotional purposes, it is closer to an advertisement than a classic documentary. Modern lightweight digital video cameras and computer-based editing have greatly aided documentary makers, as has the dramatic drop in equipment prices. With more visualization effects and bolder directors on the rise, its future holds a firm ground in context to modern cinema.

Australias Involvement in the Vietnam War essays

Australia's Involvement in the Vietnam War essays The origins of the Vietnam War lie in the post World War II period when the European empires were being dismantled. The region which is now Vietnam was then part of Indo-China, part of the French empire. Revolutionary leader Ho Chi Minh had led a national liberation struggle against wartime Japanese occupation (and the French colonialists) from 1941. With military and financial support from communist China, the Viet Minh made substantial gains, roundly defeating the French at Dien Bien Phu in 1954. Vietnam temporarily partitioned into North and South pending the outcome of peace talks. The peace talks broke down, but the struggle continued. The United States had been involved from the beginning, providing military advisors and financial assistance from the end of World War II. By 1954 they were paying for 80% of the cost of the French effort. American involvement was formalised and strengthened. Following the Gulf of Tonkin incident when US destroyers were fired upon by North Korean patrol boats, Congress authorised President Johnson to use all necessary measures to repel any armed attack on 7 August 1964. This resulted in increased bombing raids and, more significantly, an expansion of ground forces, from 23 000 in December 1964, to 316 400 by October 1966. Australias involvement began in 1962 when, in response to a request from the government of South Vietnam, Australia sent 30 military advisers to train and improve the effectiveness of South Vietnams Army. By 1965 this had been increased to 100 advisors plus six transport aircraft. That year, after a further request from the South Vietnamese Government, Prime Minister Robert Menzies decided to send a battalion of ground troops to provide support in South Vietnam. According to Menzies statement of April 29 1965, The takeover of South Vietnam would be a direct military threat to Australia and to all the countries of South and South-Eas...

ESL PAPER based on ''outcast united'' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ESL PAPER based on ''outcast united'' - Essay Example In fact, the coaching style of Coach Luma was what the kids needed to push themselves hard and to be better than what they actually are because it is only their selves that they got in a foreign country. This kids cannot afford to be lax because they do not have any support system to fall back on so they need to be pushed hard. In addition, the fiery style of Coach Luma may be acceptable to these kids who may have been desensitized already having seen violence and murder from their respective countries of origin. They may not take offense with the strong language and style of Luma because they are used to it already. Had Coach Luma Mufleh been a â€Å"nice† coach, these kids may perceive it as soft and thus weak that they would not respect the coaching style. This coaching style of Coach Luma is not applicable to affluent suburban town due to many reasons. First, their circumstances are different. Kids in affluent suburban town have very strong support system and they do not need to be berated to push themselves hard. These kids may be spoiled and Luma’s coaching style may not sit well with that instead of being motivated to train harder, they may fight back at the coach. In addition, there may be parents watching during training. If Coach Luma will do to the affluent suburban kids what was done to the refugee kids, the coach may be in a big trouble with the lawsuits that will be filed by the parents. Kids from affluent suburban cities are also sensitive and are not used to being berated. They are used to American treatment that kids are being treated nicely and protected by anti-child abuse law. If Coach Luma yells at them, the coach may be sued. Child abuse is a serious case in America. This is not to say that Coach Luma’s coaching style is bad. It is just that it can only be applicable and effective to a certain set of

Advancements to allow fast HPLC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Advancements to allow fast HPLC - Essay Example One of the major domains of chemistry that promises lots of advancements due to extensive research is Analytical Chemistry. Analytical Chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the analysis of the chemical nature of matter. Analysis of chemical composition of matter is the supporting pillar to the development of any new product or structure. The collective term used for the various laboratory procedures available to separate matter into its constituent compositions to analyze their chemical nature is known as Chromatography. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a type of Column Chromatography, which is used to separate a mixture into its constituent components with the use of chemical interactions. A series of chemical interactions are used in between the substance of subject and the chromatography column.Although the concept of Liquid Chromatography dates back to 1940s, the path breaking research, in the field of HPLC is being carried out on a large scale even t oday. More samples of matter are being analyzed for their chemical behavior than ever before in the recent times. Chemists, researchers and pharmaceutical companies need to perform chromatography on large quantities of samples. The call of the day is to speed up the process of HPLC while at the same time not forsake its accuracy. The solution is to speed up the process of HPLC by a magnitude. This process known as Fast HPLC is a boon to all people and organizations concerned. The most common principle behind Fast HPLC is rapid analysis using short columns. The particles filled in the columns are also short. Various developments are taking place in the HPLC technology to aid Fast HPLC and in all cases it is observed that Fast HPLC operate nearly five times faster while at the same time not sacrificing performance, reliability and simplicity. This report aims to enumerate the various developments that are being carried out in the field of HPLC that aid Fast HPLC. The HPLC process is described with relevant terms. Several research works being carried out are explained with the intended purpose of the research. Particular topics covered in this report include advancements in monolithic columns, small particle columns and high pressure and high temperature modes and relevant developments in other methods. The report aims at understanding the advantages brought about by these advancements in the field of HPLC. Specific concentration of the report is the developments in the field of columns used in HPLC. An analysis is made as to how, advances in the columns speeds up the process of chromatography. The applications of these developments are enumerated and an analysis is provided as to how the modern developments have changed the way the process is conducted. [1][2][3] Etc. The Process The performance of HPLC is affected by a number of factors. The most important among the factors are 'Column Efficiency', 'Performance of Mobile Phase', 'Performance of Stationary Phase', 'Injectors', 'Pumps', 'Detectors', 'Columns and Column Packing' and 'Automation'. Advancements in several of these factors have led to the development of Fast HPLC. Advancements: Fast HPLC Monolithic columns: A method popularly used as a separation media for liquid chromatography has been that of monolithic stationary phases and columns. These have not taken much time to become popular however some of their features have yet to be clearly studied. Researchers comment that chromatographic behavior of these columns should be studied along with their physico-chemical and structural properties to attain progress in their design and production. Recently a technique known as fast high performance LC is becoming popular for laboratory. Here shorter columns that have higher flow rates are used thereby analysis time is

Change and Development in the English Language222 Essay

Change and Development in the English Language222 - Essay Example Topic Sentence 2: As a result of the prominent place of the East Midland dialect, particularly after London became an East Midland-speaking city, the other dialects began to lose their original importance. Topic Sentence 3: Kentish, which was originally spoken over the whole south-eastern part of England, lost its importance in region the during Middle English period mainly due to the impact of the East Midland dialect. Topic Sentence 4: In spite of the existence of several dialects in the Middle English period, it the dialect of the East Midland that became the standard dialect of the England in the period and this dialect was derived from the Mercian dialect of Old English. One of the most distinguishing characteristics of the Middle English has been the existence of a diversity of dialects and they generally correspond to the Old English Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms such as Northern, Southern, East Midland, and West Midland kingdoms. The Northern dialect of the Middle English corresponds to the Old English Northumbrian whereas the Midland dialects were close to the Old English Mercian and the Southern dialect to the West Saxon. In the course of history, the London speech with its East Midland characteristics became the standard dialect of the land. ... .is a development of the speech of London." (Pyles and Algeo, 131) The other major dialects of the Middle English included the Kentish, the Northern, and the Southern and the progress of a major dialect from among many in the Middle English contributed to the development of the language as a whole. As a result of the prominent place of the East Midland dialect, particularly after London became an East Midland-speaking city, the other dialects began to lose their original importance. Thus, Kentish, which was originally spoken over the whole south-eastern part of England, lost its importance in region the during Middle English period mainly due to the impact of the East Midland dialect. Similarly, the Southern dialect of Middle English which was mainly spoken in the area west of Sussex and south and southwest of the Thames also was greatly affected by the emerging main dialect. However, the descendants of this dialect still continue to exist in the plebeian country dialects of the extreme southwest of modern England. The Northern Middle English, in contrast with the southernmost dialects, developed quickly and the Scandinavian influence helped its growth tremendously. However, it is the dialect of the East Midland which is recognized as the dialect of Middle English and this was derived from the Mercian dialect of Old English. "Since the London dialect steadily gained in prestige from that time on and began to develop into a literary standard, the northern, Scandinavianized variety of East-Midland became the basis of standard Modern English. For that reason, East-Midland is by far the most important dialect of Middle English for the subsequent development of the language." (Dialects of Middle English) In conclusion, though there were different

Paper for international study class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Paper for international study class - Essay Example Due to these many problems of war and terrorism, the United States of America has severally made interventions in countries like Iran and Iraq. These interventions have been to restore peace and tranquility in the economic resource endowed region that accounts for about 50% of all the oil consumed globally. It should be remembered that the United States foreign policy in the Mid-East dates back to the Barbary Wars in the early years of US existence. The system became more pronounced after the Second World War and has since then affected many ways in the affairs of Middle East and their relations with the West. During the cold war, the American policy aimed at curbing the influence of the Communist USSR through support to anti-communist countries in the region (Toaldo 23). In particular, US supported Israel against the Arab states that were majorly sponsored by the Soviet Union. To ensure the Western access to the Gulf oil in the 1960s and 1970s, the US became the major security patron of the Persian Gulf replacing the UK. The activities of the US in the Middle East intensified after 2001 9/11 attacks. An emphasis on counter-terrorism was declared and included in the US foreign policy. Although the relations between the US and the countries in the Middle East may be misconceived, the US has had Diplomatic relations with these countries except Iran. In 1979, the Iranian Revolution brought into power a regime that was completely anti-American derailing the relations between these two nations. The efforts of US activities in the Middle East including the most recent endeavour have been aimed at resolving the Israeli-Arab conflict and preventing the regional spread of weapons of mass destruction. These goals have been in line with the objectives of the UN Security Council that actively discourages the making and use of nuclear weapons.

Competition law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Competition law - Essay Example An exclusive distribution system is whereby a company, (manufacturer) grants exclusive rights of its products and/or services, to another company1. The most common form is when a single distributor acquires exclusive rights to market a product in a specific territory. Exclusive distribution limits sales to one dealer or to one distributor in a given market. Take the example of Sealy, a company that manufactures high quality mattresses and beddings products. In 1967 entered into an agreement to have its products distributed under the Sealy name and trademark, however the condition was that the companies to take up the distribution of the products were not to; 1. Be engaged, in contract, to any other company and not to distribute any other products whether beddings or not. 2. Sticking to a precise territory of sale and not to out of their allocated and agreed upon jurisdiction. The courts in the USA agreed to the terms that were being offered to the distributing companies by the manufa cturing company Sealy and termed then ‘horizontally correct’. This is because they looked at the substance rather than the form. This is the same as that of the Lolo Cars PLC and a hypothetical car distribution company called Zeek in Germany’s capital city Berlin2. The two decide to come to an exclusive distribution agreement of the sports cars. Zeek is located in Berlin, and it is limited to the boundaries of the city. The following will be the nature of the agreement; Lolo Cars PLC shall not be involved directly or indirectly in the sale, or even offer to sell its sports cars in Berlin. This is because it is an area exclusively under the authority of Zeek. This is evident in the American-Japan agreement on the sale of laser printers manufactured in Japan and sold in the USA. The Canon LPC laser printer is manufactured by a Japanese company but is distributed by Eastman Kodak Company in USA and is even rebranded as Hewlett-Packard and Corona data Systems. Zeek i s not allowed to sell the sports cars from Lolo Cars to any other part outside Berlin, and this is because it is aregion that has been demarcated for it. Advertisement of the sports cars outside Berlin is also not allowed. Zeek is also not to supply other products within Berlin that are assumed to be competing with the products of Lolo Cars. That means that Zeek cannot sign another agreement contract with another sports cars manufacturing company, especially if it should supply those cars within Berlin.Zeek should place a written order of the number of the cars that they would like (Roger & Culloch 314). This not only brings about transparency in the activities between the two firms but also gets rid of any form of fraud, and hence brings about responsibility. Lolo CarsCompany can change the price list of its sports cars only once in a year, and should give a written notice of sixty days to Zeek. This is because Zeek needs time to be able to inform their already established clientel e about the changes in the prices. Zeek shall use commercially reasonable efforts to promote the sale. Lolo Cars Company should first pass these efforts. If Lolo Cars does not agree with the methods of marketing and advertisement, then Zeek will not use it. These efforts also mean that they will train their own personnel that will be used tomarket and

Paper for international study class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Paper for international study class - Essay Example Due to these many problems of war and terrorism, the United States of America has severally made interventions in countries like Iran and Iraq. These interventions have been to restore peace and tranquility in the economic resource endowed region that accounts for about 50% of all the oil consumed globally. It should be remembered that the United States foreign policy in the Mid-East dates back to the Barbary Wars in the early years of US existence. The system became more pronounced after the Second World War and has since then affected many ways in the affairs of Middle East and their relations with the West. During the cold war, the American policy aimed at curbing the influence of the Communist USSR through support to anti-communist countries in the region (Toaldo 23). In particular, US supported Israel against the Arab states that were majorly sponsored by the Soviet Union. To ensure the Western access to the Gulf oil in the 1960s and 1970s, the US became the major security patron of the Persian Gulf replacing the UK. The activities of the US in the Middle East intensified after 2001 9/11 attacks. An emphasis on counter-terrorism was declared and included in the US foreign policy. Although the relations between the US and the countries in the Middle East may be misconceived, the US has had Diplomatic relations with these countries except Iran. In 1979, the Iranian Revolution brought into power a regime that was completely anti-American derailing the relations between these two nations. The efforts of US activities in the Middle East including the most recent endeavour have been aimed at resolving the Israeli-Arab conflict and preventing the regional spread of weapons of mass destruction. These goals have been in line with the objectives of the UN Security Council that actively discourages the making and use of nuclear weapons.

Auditing- report of the real good food Assignment

Auditing- report of the real good food - Assignment Example Real Good Food PLC is a heavily diversified company that manufactures and distributes a variety of products like sugar, baking ingredients, dairy products, jam and sweet bakery products (Real Good Food PLC 2015). As it stands, the company owns the largest sugar distribution network in the United Kingdom. Real Good Food plc participates in various market sectors such as the wholesale, retail, manufacturing, food service and export. The company’s production and distribution activities are operated under six business divisions (Napier Brown, Real Good Food Europe, Renshaw, Garrett Ingredients, R&W Scott and Hayden Bakery) that supplies products to a greater part of the Eurozone (Annual Report: Real Good Food PLC 2014, pp. 1-3). The consumption of sugar worldwide has increased by more than 20% in the last ten years translating to an increase from around 140 million tonnes to 170 million tonnes currently consumed on an annual basis. The Eurozone consumption statistics show consumption rate of 16.5 million tonnes. The increase in sugar consumption rate presents a growth opportunity for Real Good Food PLC. However, it is feared that some major political factors may create a favourable situation for the exploitation of the opportunity. The whole world is getting sensitized to the health effects of sugar. Most nations, specifically in the west, seek to implement trade policies and health regulations that will set the standard of sugar contents in the manufactured products (Annual Report: Real Good Food PLC 2014, pp. 10). In addition, the production is affected by adverse weather conditions that have seen the global sugar production rate reduce. The prices of sugar are on the rise due to the reduction in the supply but increased demand. The economic performance, as measured by the market capitalization, of the sugar producing companies has declined due to the decrease in the stock prices. Fortunately, the

History of Electrocardiography Machine Essay Example for Free

History of Electrocardiography Machine Essay History of electrocardiography prevails over two centuries as an intellectual exercise as the process of inventing an electrocardiogram started with the Galvani’s idea of animal electricity. In 1842 this idea was further reinforced by Italian physicist Carlo Matteucci who illustrated by his experiments that electric current could be quantified from inactive heart muscle. German physiologist Emil Dubois-Reymond further explored this phenomenon and confirmed Carlo Matteucci’s conclusion and labeled this changing current in the resting muscle as â€Å"action potential†. He further developed a device that could deliver stimulation pulses to the muscles and was capable of computing discharge current of muscles at short intervals. In 1856 Rudolph von Koelliker and Heinrich Muller recorded an â€Å"action potentialâ€Å"on the spotaneous beating heart. But the major development came in 1872 when French physicist Gabriel Lippmann introduced a capillary electrometer. This capillary electrometer was based on the principle of â€Å"polarization† and â€Å"surface tension†. Structurally it was a slender glass tube with mercury-sulphuric acid base. The mercury meniscus stirred with the influx of electrical potential and was observable by a microscope. In 1893, Willem Einthoven who is considered as the inventor of modern electric cardiogram and its various principles used the term electrocardiogram at a conference of the Dutch Medical Association. But major development occurred during the three years staring from 1901 when Einthoven dissatisfied with capillary electrometer and it slow response, designed a string galvanometer. This galvanometer contained a string eletromagnet to produce a magnetic flux, two piece poles, a quartz string between the two piece poles, peepholes in the two piece poles to observe the position of string. It further contained a lamp and timing systen to examine the shadow of string at different time intervals. The weight of this whole apparatus was about 600 pounds. He further modified the string galvanometer to invent a more effective electrocardiograms. However in 1902, Einthoven brought out the first electrocardiogram that was recorded on his string galvanometer. This was a giant’s leap in the history of bio-medical. In order to produce string galvanometer on commercial level, Einthoven discussed the possibilities with Horace Darwin of Cambridge Scientific Instruments Company of London. So this event made the electrocardiogram to come out of experimentation and to be used in medical profession. Einthoven, in 1906, circulated the first presentation electrocardiograms recorded with a string galvanometer. These electrocardiograms included the specimen of left and right ventricular and atrial, atrial flutter, ventricular premature beats etc. In 1910, Horatio Williams who was professor at Cornell University Medical College, New York issued electrocardiograms of patient that manifest atrial and ventricular ectopics, ventricular hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation that were recorded in hospital using a complex system of cables. This was first large-scale use of electrocardiograms in the hospitals. With the advent and introduction of vacuum tubes, the electric galvanometer was further modified and improved. In 1926, Ernestine and Levine used these vacuum tubes to produce enlarged images. Cathode rays tube further helped to produce portable electrocardiograms. Today electrocardiograms works on the same principles that were devised Einthoven in the first decade of 20th century. References Burchell HB. A centennial note on Waller and the first human electrocardiogram. Am J Cardiol 1987; 59:979-983 Burch, G.E. A History of Electrocardiography. Chicago. Year Book Medical. 1964. Burnett J. The origins of the electrocardiograph as a clinical instrument. Medical History Supplement 5: 1985, 53-76. Published as a monograph. The emergence of modern cardiology. Bynum WF, Lawrence C, Nutton V, eds. Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine:1985. Fye WB. A history of the origin, evolution, and impact of electrocardiography. Am J Cardiol 1994;73:937-949 Plonsey, R. Bioelectric Phenomenon. New York. McGraw-Hill. 1972.

Comparison of Political Ideologies in the UK

Comparison of Political Ideologies in the UK Despite their different roots, the three main parties in Britain are now in broad ideological agreement Introduction Since the 1997 election victory of Labour commentators and academics have repeatedly said that there is now little ideological difference between the Liberal Democrats, Labour and the Conservatives. This is based on the belief that although there are policy differences between the three, there is now a broad consensus in issues such as the economy and public services where previously there were clear ideological divides.[1] Recently however as a result of the global financial crisis, the parties have presented very different policies for economic recovery which reflect their ideological roots. Is this an indication that all three parties have reverted back to their ideological foundations, or does their still remain a broad ideological agreement between the three parties of Government? This essay will first briefly examine the party’s historical and ideological roots, looking at the central principles which have defined the parties. We will look at the main ideological differences between the three up to 1997. In our second Chapter we will examine the evidence indicating that the three parties are in broad ideological agreement, firstly looking at how the three came to be in such agreement, as well as pointing out the similarities and common points of the three parties since 1997. In our final Chapter we will advance the argument that the recent economic crises has brought an end to the ideological agreement of the three parties, and that by putting forward three very different economic policies the parties have to some extent returned to their ideological roots. Chapter One The Labour party root’s go back to the formation of the Labour Representation Committee in 1900, made up primarily of union members and left wing groups like the Fabians Society.[2] It was and remained, certainly until 1994, a party that represented the interests of the trade unions, its main financial backers to this day, and the working classes. Although it formed several Governments in the 1920s, it was the Labour Government of 1945 which best represents Labour’s ideology in practice.[3] The commitment to nationalisation, the creation of the NHS and the extension of the welfare State defined Labour ideology till the early 1990s. The idea that the State could and should intervene in and play a part in Society for the good of the nation, and regulate the excesses of Capitalism contrasted sharply with the traditional Tory ideology of free market, laissez faire policies where the State played a much smaller role. Labour ideology and policies gradually became part of the mainstream political world, as today the NHS and other â€Å"Socialist† institutions are accepted as necessary and successful by even the most right wing politicians. The Conservative Party has its roots in the late seventeenth Century, traditionally the party of the Aristocracy and the Business Elite of Britain, the Conservatives have adapted their ideology and policies over the years to adapt to changing times and circumstances, however in the Twentieth Century they can be said to have several core principles despite the various factions and different types of Tories that have existed within the party.[4] Traditional Conservative ideology believes in law and order, a limited Government role in the economy and society, low taxes, continuity and family values. The election of Margaret Thatcher in 1979 radically changed Conservative ideology, leading it to promote monetarism and a free market program of privatisation, leading to rapid growth but increasing the gap between rich and poor and shifting the landscape of what was accepted as the mainstream to the right in social and economic terms. Conservative ideology can perhaps be encapsulated as giv ing power to individuals to participate in economy and society, whilst accepting that there will be inequality and claiming that an individuals actions rather than Society determines their opportunities and outcomes. [5] Although the Liberal Democrats have only existed since 1988, they can trace the roots back to the Liberal Party that existed from around 1846.[6] The Liberal Democrats do not have as firm an ideology as Labour or the Conservatives, but they can be broadly defined as believing in individual freedom in social issues, such as drugs and sexuality, socialist policies regarding education and welfare, a pro European stance and a general anti war ideology. One of the pillars of Liberal Democrat ideology has always been higher taxes to pay for increased investment in education and health, although the new leader Nick Clegg has recently made lower taxes for lower income groups a central policy in the re-branding of the Liberal Democrats. Chapter Two The turning point for the broad ideological agreement of the three parties came with the election of Tony Blair to the Labour party leadership in 1994. In order to make Labour electable Blair set out to change much of the Labour ideology which voters clearly believed was too left wing, specifically its commitment to nationalisation and its policy of higher taxes and public expenditure.[7] He shifted Labour from being a left wing party to being more centre left. The change worked, and New Labour was elected in a landslide victory in 1997. Since this time there has existed the broad ideological agreement of the three parties on the central issues of Government, most notably the promotion of free market policies and a commitment to economic growth over the redistribution of wealth. The Conservatives did shift to the right on issues such immigration, crime and social policies, but remained committed to the free market policies that were now being pursued by the Labour Government.[8] This ideological convergence is not a solely British event. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union many left wing parties in the West, and in Eastern Europe, have gradually abandoned their Socialist roots and principles, accepting the free market as the only viable way in which a State can achieve sustainable economic growth and future prosperity. It is not just the Labour party which has adjusted its policies and ideology to conform to the new global economic consensus. The Liberal Democrats recently abandoned their commitment to higher taxes, stating that if elected they would reduce taxes for those on low incomes, a significant swing to the centre. On many issues the Liberal Democrats have also shifted to the centre ground, although they are certainly left wing on social issues, such as law and order and drug policy, the Liberal Democrats economic policy remains committed to free market policies and a limited role for the State in Society.[9] This is not a recent development for the Liberal Democrats, who have long presented themselves as a moderate, centrist party often in stark contrast to the ideological inflexibility of Labour and the Conservatives.[10] Although Labour has certainly moved to the right, abandoning its foundational principles regarding nationalisation and the redistribution of wealth, the Conservative Party itself has also been forced to adjust its policies, moving into the centre ground from its increasingly right wing position under the leadership of Michael Howard.[11] Following several election defeats the Conservative Party decided to match Labour spending plans, stating that if elected they would not cut taxes, and would continue to invest heavily in health and education. Does this commitment indicate that the parties share an increasingly Socialist ideology in regards to public services? No, as the ideological commitment to free market economy remains, as does the commitment to economic growth over equality, however this is matched by higher spending in institutions like the NHS and schools, which are seen as assisting economic growth by training the future workforce and providing for its medical needs. On all the major ideological issues then it would appear that there is a broad consensus. On Law and Order, all parties compete to sound the toughest, promising harsher sentences, more prisons and more police. On the welfare State all three parties have policies to decrease those on unemployment benefit, reform welfare and cut payments to the long term unemployed. Before the economic crisis, privatisation was accepted as necessary, the free market was sacred and any party suggesting a return to the days of the State planning the economy or controlling prices would have been committing political suicide. In summing up then, whilst all three parties had different policies, styles and approaches, their existed a broad ideological agreement between the three that any future Government should minimise its direct role in the economy, should not intervene in the free market or over-regulate but at the same time should be committed to public services . As we will demonstrate in the next chap ter however, the recent economic crisis has led to many predicting that the era of ideological agreement has now passed. Chapter Three In 2008 an economic crisis which started in the United States quickly spread throughout the world. Several large British banks, such as Northern Rock and HBOS, risked going bankrupt, so an unprecedented nationalisation of the banks by the British Government went ahead, similar nationalisations also went ahead in the USA and other European Countries. [12] The Government, in a move which many would have thought impossible months before, gave billions in taxpayer’s money to the banks in order to keep the economy moving. The Government now plans to borrow heavily and play a more direct role in the economy, although this is to support Capitalist institutions the Labour Party is seemingly moving back towards its Socialist roots, propping up failing industries to save jobs, putting taxpayer’s money into the economy and even considering joining the Euro.[13] The Conservatives however have opposed this move, and have drawn up radically different, ideologically opposed economic p lans which favour a cut in public spending, and a continued commitment to Government not directly putting cash into the economy to prop up failing businesses.[14] Both parties have been returning to their ideological roots since the crisis began. The Conservatives have claimed that Government spending and high taxes are the problem; although they have condemned banker’s greed they continue to support de-regulation, the free market and the creation of wealth over policies of regulation and equality. Their recent welfare policies reflect their ideological beginnings, promoting individualism, responsibility and the family and marriage as the primary means to tackle poverty. Labour has found a renewed self confidence in traditional left wing policies, Ministers talk of a renewed effort to tackle social inequality, of distributing wealth and tackling the huge gap between rich and poor that exists in British Society today. The era of Labour tax and spend seems to be re-appearing, and although the old left and the trade unions have not taken over the party, there has been a definite ideological break from the centre ground and a renewed belief in the power of the State to intervene positively in the economy and society. The Liberal Democrats look set to take their traditional role as the moderate centre party, positioning themselves between the ideologically separated dominant parties. Conclusion This essay has demonstrated that as far back as 1994 there has existed a broad ideological consensus between the three main UK parties. Although there were differences in policy, with the Conservatives venturing to the right in issues of immigration and Europe, there has been agreement about the role that Government should play in the economy and the role of the free market in generating wealth. The recent economic crisis has for the first time in over a decade, threatened the long term future of that agreement, as the two main parties return to their ideological roots and the Liberal Democrats position themselves as the party of moderation and social reform. Bibliography Bentley, Roy â€Å"British Politics in Focus† (Causeway Press, Ormskirk, 2006) Elliot, Larry â€Å"The financial crisis has exposed the bankruptcy of New Labour economics† (The Guardian, 08/10/2008) Jones, Bill â€Å"Politics UK† (Harlow, Pearson, Longman, London, 2006) Leonard, Dick â€Å"A Century of Premiers: From Salisbury to Blair† (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2005) McCormick, John â€Å"Contemporary Britain† (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2007) Milne, Seamus â€Å"Now we see what the return of Tory Britain would be like† (The Guardian, 30/08/2007) Liberal Democrats – UK Politics – accessed 01/12/2008 http://www.solarnavigator.net/embassies/liberal_democrat_party_politics.htm Rentoul, John â€Å"Tony Blair: Prime Minister† (Time Warner, London, 2001) 1 Footnotes [1] Elliot, Larry â€Å"The financial crisis has exposed the bankruptcy of New Labour economics† (The Guardian, 08/10/2008, p.35) [2] Bentley, Roy â€Å"British Politics in Focus† (Causeway Press, Ormskirk, 2006) p.152 [3] Leonard, Dick â€Å"A Century of Premiers: From Salisbury to Blair† (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2005) pp30-42 [4] McCormick, John â€Å"Contemporary Britain† (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2007, p.134) [5] Jones, Bill â€Å"Politics UK† (Harlow, Pearson, Longman, London, 2006, pp.21-33) [6] Bentley, Roy â€Å"British Politics in Focus† (Causeway Press, Ormskirk, 2006) p.163 [7] Rentoul, John â€Å"Tony Blair: Prime Minister† (Time Warner, London, 2001, p.56) [8] McCormick, John â€Å"Contemporary Britain† (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2007, pp.132-134) [9] Bentley, Roy â€Å"British Politics in Focus† (Causeway Press, Ormskirk, 2006) pp.165-166 [10] Liberal Democrats – UK Politics – accessed 01/12/2008 http://www.solarnavigator.net/embassies/liberal_democrat_party_politics.htm [11] Bentley, Roy â€Å"British Politics in Focus† (Causeway Press, Ormskirk, 2006) pp.170-173 [12] Elliot, Larry â€Å"The financial crisis has exposed the bankruptcy of New Labour economics† (The Guardian, 08/10/2008, p.35) [13] Leonard, Dick â€Å"A Century of Premiers: From Salisbury to Blair† (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2005, pp.201-213) [14] Milne, Seamus â€Å"Now we see what the return of Tory Britain would be like† (The Guardian, 30/08/2007, p.40)

Immortality And Mortality In The Economic Sciences :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites Roberto Calvo Macias, a young author and thinker from Spain, once wrote to me that it is impossible to design a coherent philosophy of Economy without accounting for the (sad?) fact that we are mortals. This insight is intriguing. It is not that we refrain from Death in dealing with matters economic. What are estate laws, annuities, life insurance policies - but ways to cope with the Great Harvester? But this, admittedly, only scratch the non-profound surface of the question. The industrial revolution taught us that humans were dispensable. The process of production was reduced to minute functional units that people could learn in minutes. Only the most basic skills were required to successfully endure this learning curve. Thus, for as long as humans bred, the supply was inexhaustible. Humans became entirely replaceable, interchangeable (and alienated, in the process). Motion pictures of the period (â€Å"Metropolis†, â€Å"Modern Times†) portray the industrial worker as a nut in a machine, driven to the verge of insanity by the repetitiveness of his work. Yet, this view of human resources is fast becoming extinct in the rich Western countries. Training periods have lengthened, expert knowledge has taken over, the main value added is information. Humans represent a sizeable investment in education. They are no longer an inexpensive resource .With this realization, there came about a revolution in economic relations. Absurdly, inhuman totalitarian regimes (especially Fascism and Communism) were the first to emphasize the importance of the human factor in the total set of means of production. The concept of scarcity was extended (by virtually all the economic systems today) to apply to human resources. All resources are scarce. Economy is the science of trading off : giving up one resource in order to get more of another. The concept of â€Å"opportunity cost† is the first that students of economy encounter. The classic approach included natural endowments in the group of scarce resources. The human element was barely perceived as yet another natural resource. Now it is. The size of the population, its life expectancy, its quality of life, health, education, income – are all important. Economy is the branch of psychology which deals with behaviour patterns and with mental processes which relate to material wealth, with the opportunities to obtain it (=access to it) and with the processes and mechanisms underlying its attainment. Because material wealth can be expressed quantitatively, this specific branch acquired a â€Å"mathematical† nature, a twist not present in other branches of the human

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Children were made to work without pay and without their willingness; they were raped, beat, and sometimes killed if they did not work. The definition of child labor is the misuse of children in industries or businesses when it is consider illegal or inhumane. In the late 1900’s 18% of the American workers were under the age of 16. It didn’t matter their age the adults pushed them to their very limits. They had children at the age of 4 working long hard hours. They had the children working so young because they had really small hands and bodies unlike the adults with full grown bodies. Women and children were the ones to support their families because they were way tinier and able to do more than a man was able to in a factory. The ages ranged anywhere from 4 years to 21 and over. The starting age percentage back then was 49.9% and it is now 3.9%. Children 10-13 was 27.9% and is now 25.3%, 14-17 was 10.3% and is now 22.1%, 18-20 was 4.1% and is now 11.8%. These children would work up to 12 hours a day and had little to no breaks. They believed that they didn’t need breaks or that they weren’t doing as good as they were supposed to be doing so they gave those that got them minimal breaks. Some of the jobs they had to do were in dangerous places in the factories. They were in areas where there were toxic fumes and the machinery they had to run all of it was very dangerous and caused many injuries and deaths. The machinery ran so quickly that fingers, legs, and arms could have very easily gotten caught in them. The machines could have caused way more serious injuries if not treated could have infections set in or it could have caused deaths from serious blood loss. The environments that these children were in had fumes and toxins e... ...ent during this period. But the gaps that remained, particularly in the southern states, led to the decision to work for a federal child labor law. Congress passed such laws in 1916 and 1918, but the Supreme Court ended up declaring them unconstitutional. Congress did eventually pass such an amendment in 1924, but the conservative political climate of the 1920s, together with opposition from some church groups and farming organizations that feared the possible increase of federal power in areas related to children, prevented many states from ratifying it. They passed an act called the National Industrial Recovery Act to reduce the use of child labor. They also passed the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, which in turn for the first time set national minimum wage and maximum hour standards for workers in interstate commerce, also placed limitations on child labor.

Men vs. Men Women: Nature or Nurture Essay

It’s amazing how men ad women can be considered the same but yet be so very different. On the outside they may look alike- two eyes, two ears, a nose, mouth, hands, and so on, but they could not be more different. So the saying goes, â€Å"men are from Mars and women are from Venus†. The question is why though? Is it because of nature or because of nurture? One difference is that men are extremely more aggressive than women due to higher testosterone levels. It was believed that how your raise the child and the role of society were the main factors that determined the outcome as male or female. However, with the case of David Reimer this proved to not be true. David was going through a routine circumcision when he was eight months old that went terribly wrong. Doctors decided to turn him into a girl as an experiment, to prove that reassigning a sex was easy because nurture determined their psychological make-up. However, today being thirty-seven years old, the angry David is proof of how wrong they were. He had a tortured childhood, and has had to go through many surgeries to try to gain back his manhood. The biological sex of a child will always prevail, now matter how they are raised. Though aggression is due to testosterone in men, it is not the only reason. The aggression in men is further implied in he way they are raised and how society teaches them to act. From childhood, boys are taught to be tough- to â€Å"be a big boy† and not cry. They are taught that boys should play sports like football, wrestling, and other violent sports. Men relate to each other through physical interaction. For men, words are less important in developing relationships; they are all about taking action. Our society teaches men to think that â€Å"actions speak louder than words†. On the other hand, women do relate with words. One of the most important things to a woman in a relationship is being able to talk about problems. Women care more about the thoughts and feelings behind the action. Emotional intimacy, and closeness, is the most important goal. Being honest and open is what shows love. Though the case with David Reimer shows that you can’t change the biological sex of a child, a child could pick up some characteristics of the opposite  sex. For example, if a girl, with multiple brothers, is raised by her father with no mother figure around, things such as football and fighting would be of more interest to her, and she would be considered a ‘tomboy’. She would want to be one of the guys. Men and women are different in many more ways than the obvious physical ones. I believe that the differences are both nature and nurture, and that you can’t have one without the other. However, I do believe that a majority of the difference depends on nurture, due to the fact that society today has set so many standards as how men and women should act. â€Å"ED and Intimacy† http://www.allabouted.com/english/relationships/intimacy.html â€Å"Boys Will Be Boys: Nature vs. Nurture†. Ninemsn, 60 minutes. Copyright 1997-2003 http://sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com.au/60/stories/2000_05_07/story_158.asp

Animal Abuse Problem Essay

Animal abuse is a people problem. Cruelty to animals can be prevented by all costs. Educate people you see abusing their animals and always, always report suspicious activity to your local law enforcement or animal control. An abused animal can turn on a human in an instant, so children and innocent bystanders can be attacked by an animal if it feels threatened. When abused, animals are not the only ones in danger. As C.S. Lewis once said, â€Å"If we cut up beasts simply because they cannot prevent us and because we are backing our own side in the struggle for existence, it is only logical to cut up imbeciles, criminals, enemies, or capitalists for the same reasons.† Maybe an eye for an eye should be implemented on animal abusers. Continue reading at NowPublic.com: Animal Cruelty: Facts, Prevention, Statistics and Action | NowPublic News Coverage http://www.nowpublic.com/environment/animal-cruelty-facts-prevention-statistics-and-action-2886267.html#ixzz2L2yNrWDW As humankind has progressed, there has been an increase in governance and rules and regulations of everyday life. These governance and rules rise from general disgust over happenings and concepts all over the world. One such rapidly growing concept is animal cruelty. Animal abuse simply put is cruel unwarranted treatment of animals. Such treatment generally has a single point program – to subject animals and sometimes pets to unnecessary harm and pain. One major type of animal abuse is torture. Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/animal-cruelty-animal-abuse-facts-statistics.html It is prevalent in all areas of the society. People in rural as well as urban areas are reported for animal cruelty cases. The statistics show reported cases are just the tip of the iceberg. There are hundreds, maybe thousands of cases related to animal abuse that go unreported. People carry out violent and gruesome attacks on animals, both domestic as well as stray. The most common victims of animal abuse are: Horses Livestock Dogs Cats Birds Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/animal-abuse-statistics.html We have heard of an old saying ‘Dogs a man’s best friend’. Most of us must have read Black Beauty at least once. The lion is the king of the jungle, a fact even kids from kindergarten are aware of. There are many other instances where animals are thought of as our friends. Yet, we tend to inflict pain and torture on our friends. Animal cruelty is not an issue that is unheard of. Since time immemorial, man, the high in the food chain, has tortured those beneath him. Practically all animal species have been abused by man in some way or the other. Humans are thought to be the most intelligent of all species. Still, when we look at the animal abuse statistics, mankind is put to shame. Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/animal-abuse-statistics.html Animal Abuse Facts and Statistics It’s really hard to write about animal abuse facts. It’s hard to do the research, read the stories, get the statistics, watch the videos, and see the pictures. But the statistics are just so disturbing that readers need to know the truth. According to the Human Society of the United States, there is no national reporting system for abuse to animals. However Pet-Abuse.com has collected statistics on animal cruelty since 2001. As of October 13, 2012 they have 19,517 cases listed on their web site. The following animal abuse stats for the U.S. are from their database: Top 5 Types of Abuse [pic] †¢ 32% neglect or abandonment †¢ 12% hoarding †¢ 11% shooting †¢ 9% fighting †¢ 7% beating Most of the above forms of violence toward animals is self-explanatory. However, hoarding may need some more explanation. This involves people who are often well intentioned but what they do is collect animals and may have hundreds of animals living in their house, barn or yard. It’s pretty much impossible to take care of this number of animals well and the cost of food and veterinary care would be sky high. Hoarding is really another form of neglect, just on a much grander scale than traditional neglect or abandonment. Most cases of abuse toward animals are directed toward dogs, cats, and horses. The statistics on dogs included non-pit bulls pit bulls. Of the cases listed on their website, 48% are alleged cases, 24% are convicted records, and 16% are open. Most abusers of animals are men between 31 and 50 years of age. While many animal cruelty cases are tracked on the web, it is believed the number of cases is much greater. A recent search of Google News found more than 10 articles regarding allegations or convictions toward animals in September in Texas alone compared to just 13 on Pet-Abuse.com for all of the United States. In other words, the data on animal abuse is even worse than what is reported on well known web sites.

Corporate And Social Responsibility In Ship Management Case Study

Corporate And Social Responsibility In Ship Management - Case Study Example All managers undertake the same basic functions to obtain results by establishing an environment of effective and efficient performance from individuals working together in groups. This is the same with ship management business managers. Their social responsibilities mirror their company's ideology and ethics directed to professional client service and association, of mutual interest. In the 1990s, and at the turn of the century, a galaxy of developments was witnessed around the globe, especially in the Asia-Pacific region, where globalization took many developing countries by storm. China, India, and Vietnam, to name a few, benefited through FDI. The development of infrastructure, imports and exports have led to frantic activities in all major ports around Asia. Be it sea or airports, the movement of cargo in and out has made officials and workers work round the clock to clear backlogs. As huge ships ferry bulk cargo from and to different ports around the globe, the need to establish alternate points to ease the congestion has come under the scanner. As the major ports in China and India work overtime, their respective governments have been busy studying the feasibility of expanding port operations to smaller ports around the country. Ship business managers take pride in keeping their fleet operational at all times. When they come across ports ill-equipped to han dle large ships, they need to supplement that sector with smaller ships. This is a critical area of operations, which lie squarely on their shoulder. In times of contingencies, ship business managers must be there to handle client grievance. In short, ship business managers are the front-line PR of shipping companies.

LinkedIn.com Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

LinkedIn.com - Essay Example Even though the professional community is on the rise with the passage of time, it is without a doubt that LinkedIn fosters productivity and growth across the board, creates avenues for development for the individuals and lets them stay in touch until a business call is made, and remade for future endeavors that are undertaken. The role of the professionals is to solicit the development to come about in such a manner that they get in close contact with one another, and thus stay in touch for a long period of time (Cocheo, 2009). They must grow collectively by keeping in association with one another so that their mutual friends and acquaintances also come about to increase and expand the basis of the business in the coming times through LinkedIn. As a professional, I can use LinkedIn to get in close association with people who have similar interests. To get up close and professional with human services professionals, I need to know where I can have all of them at a single point. This would mean that I need to make a group page for myself where I could solicit invitations from people who have similar interests and whose area of work are much the same. This would keep them all tied up at a single location and allow them to grow collectively. LinkedIn is a very powerful social media tool which if used properly could reap sound results, professionally. People have been able to meet and get in touch with some of the most talented individuals on the professional circuit just because they believed in the power of selling themselves through their abilities, skills and competencies (Pont, 2005). I would make use of LinkedIn to know who is joining the particular community and assess his/her skills upfront so that I know what the new individuals joining up have to offer to the community and to the human services role in essence. The most significant aspect is to get them all wired up and that can only be done when they are at a single platform. Being tied to a professional community means that one automatically ends up in a referral and when one needs to know who to contact, he is directly connected with how he must know the other individual. There is immense connectivity involved within the entire LinkedIn phenomenon, which if used properly could reap rich dividends. LinkedIn is powerful because it links up people who are in the same line of business; work closely with one another or even who work under the aegis of each other. The bosses and the middle line managers are in touch and so is the general dictum of progressive change, which is all the more quintessential in this day and age. Business groups with online presence creates an arm that can reflect on the business and that too from a very narrowed-down perspective, which zeroes in on the fact that connectivity must remain supreme and more so when quality referrals for human service clients seem to be the buzzword. Support services are always backed up by quality referrals which remain the hal lmark of LinkedIn and that too for all the right reasons (Beckwith, 2009). Thus professional business community groups create a sense of optimism which is very significant as it boosts the business by linking up like-minded people. The training offered by these LinkedIn groups is a collective mesh of those individuals who are in the same line of business and who have to offer the same services to a particular area of business. What

PERSONAL MICROMESSAGING ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

PERSONAL MICROMESSAGING ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example I asked him to describe at least one aspect of my communication style that stood out unique. My friend pointed out that many times my speech and behavior seemed quite incongruent with situation. As an example, he pointed out that I preferred to look away from the subject (my friend) while discussing some trivial issues. To learn more, I questioned my peer, a loan manager at another bank, to point out one positive aspect of my communication other than speech. This manager pointed out that I had the ability to draw anyone’s attention during business meetings because of the excitement in my tone; however, such excitement in tone was absent during one-to-one meetings with clients. I felt my team members could give me critical feedback related to my communication style because of my frequency of interaction with them. I asked the most experienced team member to point out what aspects of behavior were annoying and had sometime triggered gossips among the group. My team memberâ€℠¢s observation somewhat matches with my childhood friend’s observation. ... messages of being indifferent or least interested in what others want to say; another disadvantage of this behavior is that I indicate my disinterest in the words communicated by myself. My team member highlighted that this indifferent body language has caused argument within the team related to directions given by myself on specific task. Micromessages have the power to encourage and instill confidence in people when used in the right manner. The positive micromessages in my behavior correspond to my enthusiasm in tone and body language during critical business meetings, which inspires others to achieve what I want to achieve. I consider this aspect as microadvantage because it was observable and people perceived it in the right manner, meaning I do show much enthusiasm during team/business meetings in order to seek everyone’s attention. This behavior appropriates what Young (2007) states, â€Å"microadvantages act as catalysts that unleash potential and results† (p. 9 ). However, these messages also have the power to demoralize or challenge others confidence in me and their own decisions (Young, 2007). Considering my childhood friend’s observation, he probably felt upset or even offended at times, which was certainly not intended. This exercise has helped me to not only to identify the micromessages in my communication, but also how they impact the purpose of each conversation. I have realized the positive aspects of micromessages that I imbibe such as excitement in tone and body language during critical business meetings, and also the negative aspects such as looking away from the other person or not maintaining eye contact with others. With an awareness of these inequities in my communication styles, I have learnt how my behavior or actions hinder my work and

Greek Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Greek Law - Essay Example However the parliament of Greece is rather sophisticated. The legislative branch consists of the Parliament (Vouli/Koinovoulio) and the President of the Republic (Proedros tis Dimokratias). There is only one parliament, thus Greece has a unicameral system of legislature. The main legislative function is assigned to the Parliament, which is bound to exercise its powers within the limits of the Constitution, and those set by International Conventions ratified by Greece. The Parliament votes for a Bill (Nomosxedio) to become a Law (Nomos) in three voting sessions: firstly in principle, then per article and then as a whole. Once the bill is passed, it is sent to the President of the Democracy to promulgate and publish it in the National Gazette (Efimerida tis Kyberniseos). Thus Greek Law Number 3037, was obviously well thought out. The law is applied to visitors to the country as well in an attempt to prevent illegal gambling. According to a report in the Greek newspaper Kathimerini, Gre ek police will be responsible for catching offenders, who will face fines of 5,000 to 75,000 euros (about $4,980 to $74,650) and imprisonment of one to 12 months. "The blanket ban was decided in February after the government admitted it was incapable of distinguishing innocuous video games from illegal gambling machines," the report said. Citizens are protesting the new law stating that it is not fair.

Engaging Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Engaging - Term Paper Example Every one of us has free time which we could donate to a Children Hospital ward. The kids to whom we read simple stories and/or expectant mothers whom we advised not to take the drugs that the doctors prescribed to them since they would give birth to children suffering from Neonatal abstience Syndrome may have not shown gratitude, but each boon we gave strengthened the pillars of the world. Even if the expectant mothers did not thank us for our gift, the gift we gave them is upholding the foundation of the universe. Whereas our gift and the beneficiaries should be considered, our reward, once decided on, should be without concern, brimful one minute and over and done the next. Hence, our intention was to dispense charity rather than philanthropy (Timothy 1-25) We live in a world in which, in effect, children at the children hospital ward and/or mothers at the children hospital ward need more charity or the moral equivalent of it are ubiquitous, and thank to the existence of system of organizational aid already in place, we are for all time in the position of being better placed to act to save some of the many individuals whose lives are at stake. The rationale that we hold on to that we are supposed to donate our few hours or minutes to a children hospital ward, though through, generalizes and becomes a standard of beneficence that could be called the principle of sacrifice. However, moral limitation of a deontological of variety might restrict the ethical demands of beneficence. For instance, when we donated our time by visiting the children hospital and helping out the expectant mothers by giving them the advice that they should not take the drugs prescribed to them: we had confined ourselves to circumstances in which whatever ethical r estriction there are did not have a bearing on our circumstance. But the concern was how we were going to use resources we legitimately

Person centred approaches Essay Example for Free

Person centred approaches Essay Implement person centred approaches in health and social care 1.1 Define person-centred values. 1.2 Explain why it is important to work in away that embeds person centred values. The underlying purpose of â€Å"Person-centred values† is to ensure that the individual needing care is placed at the very centre of the decision making process about their life, the services and support they want and need. Therefore, under this strict system, the person is always placed at the very centre of the planning of the care programme required, in that he or she will always be consulted and that his or her views will always come first. Therefore the plan is tailor-made to that particular person, and it should include all aspects of care, from the Social and Health Services, from that individual’s family and from the voluntary sector. This is the current policy and it applies to those people with learning disabilities, mental health problems, and physical disabilities, to older people who need support, and to young people making their transition to adulthood. To place the person at the centre certain values must be upheld: Individuality (everyones differences must be recognised and respected), Choice (for individuals to be able to make own choices and be in control of own life), Privacy (information and activities must be kept confidential), Independence (empowering individuals to do activities for themselves) and dignity (be treated in a respectful way). It is vital for the social care worker to work using these precise methods to establish the needs and wishes of the individual. This will also mean that individuals will feel empowered and in control of their lives, be more confident about making decisions, will feel valued and respected. 1.3 Explain why risk taking can be part of a person centred approach. The person centred approach to risk includes making an assessment with the people involved in the plan such as the individual, their relatives and other professionals. Risk taking is part of a person-centred approach as this empowers individuals to have choices about what they want to do in their lives as well as to be part of their community. Not allowing individuals to take risks can have a negative impact on an individual’s life to not live it as they wish. 1.4 Explain how using an individuals care plan contributes to working in a person centred way. To be person-centred the person must always be at the centre of their care plan. This means that individuals must always to be consulted and their views must always come first. Therefore, no two care plans are alike because each individual is different from another. Each individual should be involved at every stage of their care plan; from deciding who to involve, how to meet the individual’s needs, the support required and how to feedback on how the care plan is working. 3.1 Explain the importance of establishing consent when providing care and support. 3.3 Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established. It is always very important to establish the consent of the individual when providing any care or support programme or procedure. This is essential so as to include that individual with any decision-making, in order to ensure that they do not feel left out, ignored; in this way they can understand and agree to that element of their care or support. I would discuss the problem, that consent cannot be established, with the supervisor or manager of the home, and, if necessary, the individual’s doctor and advocate. I would also make a record of this, which I would sign and date. 4.1 Describe how active participation benefits an individual. 4.2 Identify possible barriers to active participation. Active participation benefits the individual because that person is always made to feel that he or she is continually important, and that things are done for their benefit, with their consent. This ensures a positive approach for the individual that makes them an active part of how they choose to live and puts them first as the focus. Barriers can take several forms – the emotions, the disabilities, and the attitudes of the individual concerned, any or all of which can deter active participation by that individual in any activity or action. Similarly barriers exist if social care workers’ attitudes and approaches do not value active participation, strict routines and lack of training on using the active participation approach can also be barriers. 5.3 Explain why a workers personal views should not influence an individuals choices. The care worker’s personal views may well simply rule things out for the individual being cared for, because the worker might take a subjective position rather than looking to find creative solutions for that individual. Such a stance could prevent the individual from making informed choices about their care. Therefore, personal views should never influence the choices of any individual as this also goes against their rights and can make an individual feel pressurised to agree. 5.4 Describe how to support an individual to question or challenge decisions concerning them that are made by others. When others make decisions for the individual, the care worker should talk to the individual to ask that person whether he or she understands what has been decided for them. Once the individual understands those decisions, he or she should be encouraged to state whether they agree with them. If not, then that individual should be enabled to question and challenge them either  themselves, through the social care worker or an advocate. 6.1 Explain how individual identity and self esteem are linked with well being. 6.2 Describe attitudes and approaches that are likely too promote an individuals well being. Maintaining an individual’s identity is done by always recognising that person as a human being, not a number – identity is who the person is. Ensuring that the individual IS important and that their views and concerns are always dealt with in a positive and caring manner will always ensure that person is valued and has a high self-esteem. All this will contribute to their sense of well being. By always ensuring that the individual is treated in a professional, kind, caring and courteous way, their sense of well-being is always assured. Care workers can also make sure that they use a number of different approaches empowering approaches that enable the individual to take control, a positive approach that encourages the individual to feel good, working in a trusting and professional way enables a good relationship to build between the care worker and individual and promoting a sense of well being.